ABOUT JAYALALITHA

Jayalalithaa J. Jayalalithaa 11th, 14th and 16th Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu *In office* 16 May 2011 – 27 September 2014 Preceded byKarunanidhi Succeeded byO. Panneerselvam  [1] ConstituencySrirangam *In office* 2 March 2002 – 12 May 2006 Preceded byO. Panneerselvam Succeeded byKarunanidhi ConstituencyAndipatti *In office* 14 May 2001 – 21 September 2001 Preceded byKarunanidhi Succeeded byO. Panneerselvam ConstituencyDid not contest *In office* 24 June 1991 – 12 May 1996 Preceded byPresident's rule Succeeded byKarunanidhi ConstituencyBargur Personal details BornKomalavalli 24 February 1948 (age 67) Mandya , Mysore State, India NationalityIndian Political partyAll India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam ResidenceChennai, Tamil Nadu ReligionHinduism *Jayalalithaa Jayaram* (Tamil :ஜெயலலிதா ஜெயராம்,pronounced [dʒɛjələlɪd̪ɑː dʒɛjəɾɑːm] ; born 24 February 1948), commonly referred to as *Jayalalithaa* or *Amma*(translates as mother in English), is anIndian  politician who was Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu  from 1991 to 1996, briefly in 2001, from 2002 to 2006 and from 2011 to 2014. She was a popular actress in Tamil cinema  before her entry into politics and appeared in over 140 Tamil , Telugu , and Kannada films apart from some films in English and Hindi. She is the general secretary of All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam  (AIADMK). She is called 'Amma' ('Mother') and 'Puratchi Thalaivi' ('Revolutionary Leader') by her followers.[2] Jayalalithaa has denied claims that she was introduced to politics by M. G. Ramachandran . She was a member of the Rajya Sabha  elected from Tamil Nadu during 1984–89. Soon after the death of Ramachandran, Jayalalithaa proclaimed herself his political heir. She is the second female chief minister of Tamil Nadu after Janaki Ramachandran . She became the first incumbent chief minister in India to be disqualified from holding office due to conviction in a disproportionate assets case on 27 September 2014.[3] [4] POLITICAL CAREER Jayalalithaa claims that Ramachandran, who had been chief minister for the state since 1977, was instrumental in introducing her to politics.[2] [17]  In 1982, she joined the AIADMK, which was founded by Ramachandran.[18]  Her maiden public speech, "Pennin Perumai" ("The Greatness of a Woman"), was delivered at the AIADMK's political conference in the same year.[19]  In 1983, she became propaganda secretary for the party and was selected as its candidate in the by-election for the Tiruchendur Assembly constituency.[18] Ramachandran wanted her to be a member of the Rajya Sabha because of her fluency in English.[20]  Jayalalithaa was nominated and elected to that body in 1984 and retained her seat until 1989.[21]  Her success in her role as propaganda secretary caused resentment among high-ranking members of the party. By engineering a rift between her and Ramachandran, these members influenced Ramachandran to stop her writing about her personal life in a Tamil magazine. Despite these machinations, she remained admired by the rank and file of the party.[2] In 1984, when Ramachandran was incapacitated due to a stroke, Jayalalithaa was said to have attempted to take over the position of chief minister or the party on the pretext that his health would prevent him from the proper execution of his duties.[22] She successfully led the campaign in the 1984 general elections, in which the ADMK allied with the Congress.[21] Following his death three years later, the AIADMK split into two factions: one supported his widow, Janaki Ramachandran , and the other favoured Jayalalithaa. Janaki was selected as the Chief Minister on 7 January 1988 with the support of 96 members; due in part to irregularities by speaker P.H. Pandian, who dismissed six members to ease her victory, she won a motion of confidence in the house. However,Rajiv Gandhi  used Article 356 of the Constitution of India to dismiss the Janaki-led government and imposepresident's rule  on the state.[2] [23] [24] Jayalalithaa contested the subsequent 1989 elections on the basis of being political heir.[25] [26] Leader of the Opposition, 1989 She was elected to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly  in 1989 as a representative of the Bodinayakkanur (State Assembly Constituency) . This election saw the Jayalalithaa-led faction of the AIADMK win 27 seats and Jayalalithaa became the first woman to be elected Leader of the Opposition . In February 1989, the two factions of ADMK merged and they unanimously accepted Jayalalithaa as their leader and the "Two leaves" symbol of the party was restored.[21]  On 25 March 1989, quoted as one of the worst incidents to have happened in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly, there was heavy violence inside the house among the ruling DMK party members and the opposition. There were Jayalilatha tearing the budget report to be read by the ruling party. Mikes were broken and shoes were thrown by Jayalalithaa. At the peak of the situation, when Jayalalithaa was about to leave the house, which is seen by a section of the media as "not until I enter the house as a Chief Minister". Though some sections of media term it as a theatrics launched by Jayalalithaa, it got a lot of media coverage and sympathy from the public.[27] [28] [29] During the 1989 general elections, the ADMK allied with the Congress party and had a significant victory. The ADMK, under her leadership, won the by-elections in Marungapuri, Madurai East and Peranamallur assembly constituencies.[21] First term as Chief Minister, 1991 In 1991, following the assassination ofRajiv Gandhi  days before the elections, her alliance with the Indian National Congress  enabled her to ride the wave of sympathy that gave the coalition victory.[30] [31]  The ADMK alliance with the Congress won 225 out of the 234 seats contested and won all 40 constituencies in the centre.[21]  Re-elected to the assembly, she became the first female, and the youngest, chief minister, of Tamil Nadu, to serve a full term, serving from 24 June 1991 to 12 May 1996.[21] [24]  In 1992, her government introduced the "Cradle Baby Scheme". At that time the ratio of male to female in some parts of Tamil Nadu was skewed by the practice of female infanticide and the abortion of female foetuses. The government established centres in some areas, these being equipped to receive and place into adoption unwanted female babies. The scheme was extended in 2011.[32]  Her party had 26 elected members to the assembly. Her government was the first to introduce police stations operated solely by women. She introduced 30 per cent quota for women in all police jobs and established as many as 57 all-women police stations. There were other all-women establishments like libraries, stores, banks and co-operative elections.[33] Loss of power, 1996 The Jayalalithaa-led AIADMK lost power in the 1996 elections, when it won 4 of the 168 seats that they contested.[34] Jayalalithaa was herself defeated by the DMK candidate in Bargur Constituency .[35]  The outcome has been attributed to an anti-incumbency sentiment  and several allegations of corruption and malfeasance against her and her ministers.[31] [34]  The wedding event of her foster son Sudhakaran, who married a granddaughter of the Tamil film actorShivaji Ganesan , was held on 7 September 1995 at Chennai and was viewed on large screens by over 150,000 people. The event holds twoGuinness World Records : one is for the most guests at a wedding and the other is for being the largest wedding banquet.[2] [36] [37]  Subsequently, in November 2011, Jayalalithaa told a special court than the entire Rs.  6 Crore expenses associated with the wedding were paid by the family of the bride.[38] Second term as Chief Minister, 2001 Jayalalithaa was barred from standing as a candidate in the 2001 elections because she had been found guilty of criminal offences, including allegedly obtaining property belonging to a state-operated agency called TANSI.